Utilities and governments across the U.S. are starting to realize that their technology-centric energy efficiency programs can benefit from a more thorough understanding of the social and behavioral aspects of energy use. This paper presents the results of a meta-analysis of successful behavior change programs in the energy industry as well as in other fields. There is a growing body of evidence – summarized in this paper – that social incentives can be more effective than financial ones in promoting energy-efficient behaviors and purchase decisions.